It replicates clear, close-up photographs of questioned documents which are later enlarged to view the writing characters and give a more detailed examination than the paper itself. Sponsored LinksĪmong all, close-up photography is majorly equipped. These cameras are coupled mainly with a couple of lenses for normal (50mm), close-up, and wide-angle photography (17-35mm) and telephoto lens (70-200mm). The most suitable camera for QDs is a high-quality DSLR camera with 35mm or medium format. Reticle: When a flat circular glass has a measuring metric on the bottom that assists in measuring fine details is called a reticle. Used to analyze the graphology of signature and handwriting along with stamp marks. Grids: Having grids on a plastic sheet makes it perfect for tracing the area. Opaque paper, metal, and wood scales are used to document the actual size while photographing. Ruler: Regular 6 and 12 inches scale with clear plastic or glass, and opaque paper or metal body. Read More: Forensic Rulers and Scales: Types, Characteristics, and Uses Sponsored Links Rulers, gauges, and grids are some of the measuring devices used to determine the precise measurement of questioned documents. Spectroscopy Measuring Instruments trace elements, age estimation 1. X-ray Diffraction Techniques detection of crystalline paper additives 23. Olfactory Port Detector detect VOCs for age estimation 22. Raman Spectrometer fast and selective chemical ink analysis 21. Electrostatic Detection Apparatus (ESDA) decipher indentation writing 20. Video Spectral Comparator (VSC) multiple optical observation spectrum 19. Optical Watermark Detector analyze and detect stamps forgery 18. Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM) SED (x400), BSD, and emitted x-ray analysis 17. Comparison Microscopes side by side comparison 16. Stereoscopic Microscope 3d view with 50x magnification power 15. Optivisor and Comparator magnification devices 14. Handheld & Assorted Magnifiers simple magnification device 13. Typewriter Measurement Plate to define pica or elite typewriters 12. Dead Weight Thickness Micrometer thickness of paper 11. Analytical Weighing Machine weighing measures 10. Opacimeter how much a paper is translucent. Glossmeter how glossy a paper is in gloss meter 8. Paper Brightness Tester (TAPPI &, ISO) determine the brightness of paper 7. Spectrophotofluorometer characterization of inks and security papers 6. Microspectrophotometer accurate analysis of color shades 5. Duplicating Devices replicate documents physically or digitally 4. DSLR 35mm/Medium Format Camera documenting evidence 3. Measuring Rulers and Grids precise measurements of documents 2. The majority of devices are regularly utilized in the production of a QD analysis report. The following are the tools used by Forensic Document Examiners (FDEs) to evaluate questioned documents. Every forensic document laboratory and agency has a set of instruments and tools that serve as the backbone and provide trustworthy data that can easily be admissible in a court of law.
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